Viscosimeter.



UNITED STATESEATENT OFFICE.

semen mans, or EAST HADDAM, CONNECTICUT; MARIE mums EXECUTRIX or sun FRIMAN mums, DECEASED.

VISCOSIMETEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1913.

Application filed February 5, 1910. Serial No. 542,252v

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRIMAN KAIms, a citizen of the United States, residing at East I-Iaddam, in the countyof Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Viscosimeters, of which the following is a 'is to provide a viscosimeter in which sub.-

st-antially the entire material of the body undergoing test, and the entire test passage through which the tested material passes, will be under a practically uniform heat I condition.

Another object of the invention is to provide a construction in which the reading level within the receptacle for the test material is visible from the outside and the reading is taken by the level-gaging part breaking through the surface of the material.

A further object is to provide a construction in which the reading is taken from the open upper end of the material receptacle unobstructed bythe interposed body.

Other objects are to provide for removal and replacement of the measuring receptacle in its bath without disturbing or emptying the bath, to provide for ready changing of the aperture in the receptacle, to provide for protection of the bath from contamination by overflowing material from the receptacle, and to provide forthe effecting of easy and accurate filling, leveling, and other manipulations incident to the operation of generally of rectangular construction; with tents from \above the surface level.

preferably mounted on adjustable legs, 12,

of any suitable construction, such as small angle bars slotted as at 13 for engagement with thumb screws, 14, carried by the casing, the legs being vertically guided in clips, 14. On these legs may beset 'the casing above a Bunsen burner, or other heat. supplying source, not shown.-

The open top of the casing 10 is divided transversely by a bridge, 15, to afford support for the adjoining edges of two cover members, 16 and 17, each flanged to fit in its appropriate half of the top opening. The cover 16 has therein an opening, 18, of suitable dimensions to permitthe passage of a dipper, 19, mounted on a stem handle, 20, the stem carrying a cap, 21, which, when the dipper is lowered into the opening 18, covers the opening and supports the dipper at proper level within the interior of the casing. The other cover member, 17, has therein an opening, 22, for the materials receptacle and a thermometer-receiving opening, 22. The bottom of the tankbelow the middle of the cover has made therethrough a suitable small opening, affording passage to a nozzle-receiving bushing, 23, having a screw-threaded part projecting into the interior of the casing and receiving a clamping nut, 24, which also affords a solid shoulder for the reception of the materials receptacle to be described. The nozzle bushing 23 at its outer end is exteriorly threaded, as at 25, to receive a cap, 26.

Concentric with the nozzle bushing, 23, upon the inner surface of the bottom of the casing is mounted a threaded annulus, 27, which may be brazed, soldered, or otherwise secured to the bottom, the interior threads of the annulus 27 receiving an exteriorly threaded guiding cylinder, 28, extendingto a suitable height in the casing. The guide member, 28, provides an annular vertical guide and support for a cylindrical receptacle, 30, which extends up through the opening, 22, in the cover 17 when in operating position. yThe upper end of the receptale 30 .is open, or the receptacle is otherwise arranged. to afford a view of its con- The lower end of the receptacle is provided with a detachable head, 31', screw-threaded therein, and from the head projects a central brated measuring aperture, 33, extending therethrough, the nozzle being arranged to extend into the nozzle bushing, 23, to a point somewhat above the bottom thereof. These parts may be of any suitable materials, but for the materials receptacle I prefer to use a White metal with a burnished surface for good light reflecting qualities, or otherwise construct the receptacle to insure ample interior lighting. Obviously any number of heads, 31, with different sized nozzle apertures, 33', may be provided, the heads being interchangeable and the nozzles all having referably approximately the same outside diameter.

Upon the head, 31, is provided a thin radial fin, 34, on which is mounted the reading bar, 35. The bar 35 may be permanently secured in osition an may be adjustable, as indicate in the specific construction show-n adjustment being effected by a nut, 36, working in the slot in the fin and engaging a threadedstem, 37, of th bar, 35.

38 indicates a stopper for the nozzle aperture 33 mounted on a stem, 39, of a len h suitable to extend out of the receptacle or manual operation.

The rece tacle at its upper end carries a dished r1ng or'rim, 40, having a chain-- neled extension, 41, leading past a side ofthe casing. In conjunction with the apparatus described I rovide a filling strainer, 42, preferabl in tlie form of a funnel, having a flat si e, 43, extending down to form a scraper, 43', which with a parallel wire, 43", may su port the strainer on the top of the receptac e, 30, said funnel having detachably located therein, a filtering ody, 44, referably of fine wire fabric and preferab ly disposed at an angle to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. 5. I 1

In the operation of the viscosimeter, the

casing'is filled with water which is broughtto the desired temperature the heat of the water being of course imparted to the metal structure immersedtherein or containing the water and so heating the relatively large metal mass constituting the, permanent 11ozzle bushing as well as the immersed materials receptacle and the material therein. Thus substantially all of the operating parts are brought to and may be maintained at a practically uniform temperature and throughout its entire traverse of the receptacle and guide a erture, the liquid undergoing test is -.un er uniform temperature conditions. This heating of the nozzle structure is here possible because no reading is to be taken through the nozzle, and it need not, therefore, be exposed or transparent. In filling the materials receptacle, the cap 26 is removed and the stopper, 38, inserted to close the gage a erture or passage, 33. The material to lie measured is then filtered through the filter dipper into nel extension 41 to any suitable receptacle disposed to receive it. Thus the liquid within the measuring receptacle may be brought to a perfect level. The stopper 39 is then removed from the measuring aperture and the time of the flow is taken as usual, the

reading of the final limit of flow of the liquidbeing taken as observed from above,in this instance,'through the open end of the materials receptacle and being gaged by the time when the reading bar 35 breaks through the surface of the material. The smooth burnished walls of the receptacle and relatively wide open top give ample light and an unobstructed View aperture for the purpose,v

and I have found this arrangement for reading to be accurate and satisfactory in many particulars. In'cleaning the materials receptacle, where materials removable by water have been tested, water from the bath ,may be used to flush the receptacle without disturbing its temperature, the dipper, 19, being used to convey the water from the bath to the materials receptacle.

It will be obvious that all of the parts of the structure are simple, easy of manufacture, may be readily put together and taken.

apart, may be made interchangeable in dif-' ferent instruments, and facilitate commercial or scientific use of the device.

What I claim is:

1. In a viscosimeter, a materials receptacle having a bottom delivery outlet, and a wide open horizontal top opening through which the upper surface of the materials therein contained is visible at any-level, said opening constituting the upper reading level, a radial web in the bottom of said receptacle extendingfrom one side thereof inwardly, a vertical stem movably mounted upon-the inner edge thereof, a gage member upon the upper end ofsaid stem at a level above the level, the lower endof said stem being screw-threaded, and I a screw for micrometer opening through which to view the descend-' ing surface 0 the material when the viscosimeter is in operation, a suitable gage located centrally within the receptacle near its bottom visible from said wide top open- ,Web' but considerably below said reading 3. In a viscosimeter, a materials receptacle comprlsmg a cyhnder open at lts top end and having itstop edge arranged to indicate the upper reading level, a nozzle detaehably secured to the lower end of said cylinder, and a lower reading gage member carried by said nozzle member and located adjacent the axis of the cylinder.

7 4. In a vi'scosimeter, a water tank, a materials receptacle penetrating said Water tank providedwith a nozzle opening through the water tank, and a body of material of good heatconductivity surroundin said nozzle throughout the length to impart thereto the water heat.

5. In a viscosimeter, a heatin tank having alining top, and bottom 0 emngs, a 'heat ronductive nozzle bushing 1n the" bottom opening, are'ceptacle extending through the top opening provided .with a bottom gage nozzle entering and terminating within the nozzle bushing.

ti. In' a viscosimeter, a tank having alining'top and bottom openings, a nozzle bushing in the bottom opening, a receptacle extending through the top opening provided with a bottom nozzle entering the nozzle bushing, and a" detachable closure for the lower endof the nozzle bushing.

7. Ina viscosimeter a water tank, a receptacle supported in said water tank havin a nozzle opening through the bottom of the tank, the topof said receptacle extending above the opening, and a channel member surrounding the projecting top of the receptacle tor receiving an overflow therefrom, said channel member having its top edge below the top of the receptacle and having a spout extension projecting beyond theedge of the tank.

8. In .a viscosimeter, a water tank, a materials receptacle therein provided with a delivery outlet and a filling opening, a cover for the water tank having an openingrtherein for a dipper, a dipperv arranged within the tank, and a plate'carried by the dipper for closing said opening in the cover.

9. In a -viscosimeter, a heating tank having an apertured heat conducting bushing.

a receptacle in the tank having an aperture gage nozzle seated in and terminating- Within said bushing aperture, the nozzle aperture being of less diameter than the bushing aperture.

. 10. In a viscosimeter, a tank having a I taperinglyapertured bushing in' its bottom, a receptacle within the tank having a tapering nozzle extending into the bushing aperture but terminating above the bottom level of said bushing aperture, and contacting with the bushing.

11. In a viscosimeter, a tank having an apertured bushing1 in its bottom, a receptacle within the tank aving a nozzle extending into the bushing aperture but terminating above the bottom level of said bushing aperture, and contacting with the bushing, and a closure for the bottom of the bushing aperture.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

FRIMAN KAI-IRS.

In the presence of Gnp. T. MAY, Jr., MAnY F. 'ALLEN. 

